Staking & Emissions

⚠️ Syndicate Network staking is currently in Epoch 1 - Base Pool Staking

Commons Chain staking and emissions is rolling out in phases. Expected schedule:

October 1 — Epoch 0 Began

The first epoch started, with 100% of network emissions directed to the Base Pool.

Stakers' share of Epoch 0 emissions were calculated based on their stake size and duration and claimable after epoch flip.

October 31 — Epoch 1 Began

Rewards from Epoch 0 are currently claimable.

Appchain staking is live in the UI but won't choices won't take effect until Epoch 2. As a reminder, stakers' choices to direct emissions to specific appchains must be locked in before Epoch 2 starts on November 30.

November 30 — Epoch 2 Begins

Emissions expand to the full three-pool model:

30% Base Pool (network foundation)

30% Performance Pool (aligned with network efficiency)

40% Appchain Pools (supporting the growth of individual appchains)

Staking fully transitions into its long-term design: a system where every stake supports the network of appchains, and every emission flows back to the communities building on Syndicate.

Overview

The SYND staking system enables token holders to direct network emissions toward appchains while earning rewards. The protocol operates on 30-day epochs and distributes 80 million SYND tokens over 48 epochs (approximately 4 years) through a three-pool emission system.

How It Works

SYND holders bridge tokens to Commons Chain and stake them in the staking contract via the UI hosted at commons.syndicate.io
Stakers direct their stake toward registered appchains for the entire epoch duration
Emissions are distributed through three pools based on stake amount, duration, and appchain performance
Stakers earn from both base emissions and performance-based rewards
Unstaking requests take effect at epoch end, with tokens continuing to earn through the current epoch

Tokenomics

SYND uses a directed staking model with epoch-based emissions:

SYND — ERC-20 token with 1 billion fixed supply
Staking — Lock SYND on Commons Chain to direct emissions and earn emissions
Epochs — 30-day periods starting at 00:00 UTC on the first day, projected at October 1, 2025

Stakers can allocate their tokens to any registered appchain. These allocations:

Lock for the entire epoch duration
Directly influence emission distribution
Determine performance-based rewards
Automatically roll over unless changed

Three-Pool Emission System

Each epoch's emissions are divided into three pools:

Base Pool (30% of emissions)

Distributed to all stakers proportionally based on stake amount and duration
Calculated using stake-block product (tokens × blocks staked)
Provides guaranteed baseline rewards regardless of appchain selection

Performance Pool (30% of emissions)

Rewards stakers based on the success of appchains they back
Distribution mirrors Appchain Pool allocations proportionally
Incentivizes strategic appchain selection and research

Appchain Pool (40% of emissions)

Flows directly to appchains based on network contribution
Weighted by transaction fees (0.4) and attracted stake (0.2)
Uses logarithmic redistribution to support smaller appchains

Projected Emission Schedule

The network currently operates with equal emissions across all epochs:

All epochs: 1,666,667 SYND per epoch (0.167% of total supply)
Total emissions: 80,000,000 SYND over 48 epochs
Current configuration: Decay factor of 1.0 for predictable, equal distribution

The emission formula supports flexible decay factors for future governance adjustments:

Decay factor 1.0 (current): Equal emissions of 1,666,667 SYND per epoch
Decay factor 0.98: Front-loaded emissions (2,577,259 → 997,205 SYND)
Decay factor 1.02: Back-loaded emissions (997,205 → 2,577,259 SYND)

Emissions are minted on Ethereum through a permissionless function and bridged to Commons Chain for distribution.

Staking Mechanics

Staking Process:

Bridge SYND to Commons Chain
Deposit tokens into the staking contract
Allocate stake to chosen appchains
Earn emissions based on allocation and performance

Unstaking Process:

Initiate unstaking request
Tokens remain staked through current epoch end
Continue earning emissions until epoch completion
Tokens return to user's address on Commons Chain

Key Features:

Directed stake locks for entire epoch periods
Allocations automatically roll over unless modified
Unclaimed rewards remain available indefinitely
No penalty for delayed reward claims

Emissions Calculations

Base Pool Distribution Individual share = (User's stake-block product / Total network stake-block product) × Base pool emissions

Example: 100,000 SYND staked for full epoch (216,000 blocks) = 21.6B stake-block product

Performance Pool Distribution Individual share = Σ(User's allocation to appchain / Total allocation to appchain) × Appchain's performance pool share

Example: 60% allocated to Appchain A earning 45% of pool = 27% of proportional performance emissions

Appchain Emissions Based on dominance factor incorporating:

Transaction fees paid (40% weight)
Stake attracted (20% weight)
Logarithmic redistribution function for smaller appchain support

Claiming Rewards

Staker Rewards:

Claimable immediately after epoch end
No expiration or forfeiture
Can accumulate across multiple epochs
Claim anytime at user convenience

Appchain Rewards:

Distributed through one-year linear vesting
Claimable portions available immediately
Unvested amount continues streaming
No penalty for claiming frequency

Staking & Emissions

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